Are Second Messengers Proteins

Second messengers are small molecules and ions that relay signals received by cell-surface receptors to effector proteins.

What are second messengers made of?

Second messengers are small molecules and ions that relay signals received by cell-surface receptors to effector proteins.

Do protein hormones use second messengers?

Second messengers are molecules that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface — such as the arrival of protein hormones, growth factors, etc.