Has Stopped or Stopped?
"Has" + Past Participle Is How We Form the Present Perfect, of the Active Verb. So "The Match Has Stopped" Is Very Like "The Match Stopped" (Intransitive), but...
"Has" + past participle is how we form the present perfect, of the active verb. So "The match has stopped" is very like "The match stopped" (intransitive), but with a perfect instead of a simple past. Perfect is used when the speaker wants to express that an event in the past has some present relevance.
Had stopped or had stopped?
Yes - they both work. The "had" stresses a time-sequence which is already explained by "by the time (that)", so it is not vital. Koh Elaine wrote: The patient stopped / had stopped bleeding by the time he got to the clinic.
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Has Stopped Working sentence?
But the trick has stopped working. In some fundamental ways, the American economy has stopped working. Since then she has stopped working on bridges. Gravity has stopped working in the familiar way it does on land.