Python. H: No Such File or Directory #Include

For Python 2

sudo apt-get install python-dev

Since Python.h is provided by -dev

For Python 3

sudo apt-get install python3-dev

the missing header file Python.h is in the python-dev package, first check that you have it installed:

$ dpkg --get-selections |grep python-dev
libboost-mpi-python-dev             install
libboost-python-dev             install
python-dev                  install

You can also use 'locate' to see if the file exists:

$ locate Python.h
/usr/include/python2.7/Python.h

Once you know that you have the header file, try to see where the compiler is looking for it:

cd PyQt_installation_dir
grep -r python2.7 .
...
./QtNetwork/QtNetwork.pro:INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include/python2.7
...

In my case the problem was that the file was in /usr/include/python2.7, but the Makefile include path (-I) contained /usr/local/include/python2.7. To work around this, I made a link:

cd /usr/local/include
ln -s ../../include/python2.7 .

Maybe there is a nicer way to do this, but at least the compilation worked.

Best, Harri