Should I Assume Equal or Unequal Variance?

Use the Variance Rule of Thumb.
As a rule of thumb, if the ratio of the larger variance to the smaller variance is less than 4 then we can assume the variances are approximately equal and use the Student's t-test.

When should you assume equal variances?

If the variances are relatively equal, that is one sample variance is no larger than twice the size of the other, then you can assume equal variances.

What is the difference between assuming equal variance and UNequal variance?

The Two-Sample assuming Equal Variances test is used when you know (either through the question or you have analyzed the variance in the data) that the variances are the same. The Two-Sample assuming UNequal Variances test is used when either: You know the variances are not the same.

Marcus Vance

Marcus Vance

Cybersecurity & Digital Privacy Researcher

Marcus Vance is a cybersecurity auditor and technology writer dedicated to educating the public about online safety, data privacy regulations, enterprise security, and emerging cyber threats.