What Did Barrel Vaults Replace

Barrel vaults are known from Ancient Egypt, and were used extensively in Roman architecture. They were also used to replace the Cloaca Maxima with a system of underground sewers.

What is the purpose of a barrel vault?

Barrel vaults became an integral part of the infrastructure of ancient Roman civilization. Barrel vaults supported such key structures as aqueducts, sewage systems, bridges, government buildings, and stadiums. They are also key features of Christian churches built in Europe during the Middle Ages.

What did the creation of the vault allow to change about buildings?

These, coupled with flying buttresses, better directed the weight of the building, allowing for more height with thinner walls and more windows. Eventually, fan vaults were developed as a decorative element, creating intricate designs on the ceiling.