What Is Macrophage Polarization?

Macrophage polarization is a process by which macrophages adopt different functional programs in response to the signals from their microenvironment.

What is meant by macrophage polarization?

Macrophage polarization refers to the process by which macrophages produce distinct functional phenotypes as a reaction to specific microenvironmental stimuli and signals (3, 10–12). Macrophages can be polarized into classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages.

Why is M1 macrophage polarized?

In infected tissues, macrophages are first polarized to pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to assist the host against pathogens. Subsequently, macrophages are polarized to form an anti-inflammatory response to the M2 phenotype and repair damaged tissue.

Alexander Ross

Alexander Ross

Gaming, Esports & Interactive Media Writer

Alexander Ross has covered the video game industry for a decade, writing deep dives on game design, esports tournaments, VR developments, and gaming culture.