What Is Nvarchar Max Limit?

The max size for a column of type NVARCHAR(MAX) is 2 GByte

GByte

The octet is a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that consists of eight bits. The term is often used when the term byte might be ambiguous, as the byte has historically been used for storage units of a variety of sizes. The term octad(e) for eight bits is no longer common.

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of storage. Since NVARCHAR uses 2 bytes per character, that's approx. 1 billion characters.

What is meant by nvarchar Max?

n defines the string size in byte-pairs and can be a value from 1 through 4,000. max indicates that the maximum storage size is 2^30-1 characters (2 GB). The storage size is two times n bytes + 2 bytes.

What is the difference between nvarchar 4000 and nvarchar Max?

The answers is: there is no different between nvarchar(7) and nvarchar(4000) in term of performance & storage size. There is an interesting thing is that: if you change nvarchar(7) or nvarchar(4000) to nvarchar(max). There is a difference in term of performance & storage size.