Where Are Amides Excreted

Amides are extremely stable in solution, while esters are unstable. The amino-esters are hydrolyzed in plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase, whereas the amide compounds undergo enzymatic degradation in the liver and excretion in the urine.

Where is lidocaine metabolized?

Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver by the P450 3A4 isoenzyme, a member of the subfamily of P450 isoenzymes.

Where is Articaine metabolized?

Articaine is metabolized in the serum by plasma cholinesterase; although synthesis of cholinesterase is decreased in patients with liver diseases, fast hydrolysis is presumably preserved in their erythrocytes.